Born in 1961

India liberated Goa from Portuguese rule, ending 450 years of colonial presence. The action was swift and barely resisted, and celebrations erupted across the country. Nehru's India was asserting itself.

Meanwhile, industrialisation was changing working-class lives: factory sirens replaced temple bells as the rhythm of urban mornings. The IIT system was producing its first engineers, young men who would go on to reshape industry both in India and abroad.